ISSN print edition: 0366-6352 ISSN electronic edition: 1336-9075 Registr. No.: MK SR 9/7 Published monthly

Design of a facile, green and efficient graphene oxide-based electrochemical sensor for analysis of acetaminophen drug

Muzamil Jalil Ahmed, Shazia Perveen, Syed Ghazanfar Hussain, Arsalan Ahmed Khan, Syed Muhammad Wahaj Ejaz, and Syed Muhammad Ali Rizvi

Department of Chemistry, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi, Pakistan

E-mail: shaziaperveen@neduet.edu.pk

Received: 30 July 2022  Accepted: 10 December 2022

Abstract:

In this study an efficient and environment friendly electrochemical sensor has been designed for the analysis of acetaminophen (APAP) drug. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, differential pulse voltammetry and cyclic voltammetric techniques were used to demonstrate the fabricated erGO/GCE sensor performance. Voltammetric assessment of acetaminophen drug was done using bare GC electrode, drop-casted GO/GC electrode and erGO/GCE electrochemical sensor. Proposed sensor was precisely validated for APAP detection by differential pulse voltammetric technique. Subsequently LOD, LOQ, sensitivity and linearity were determined and found to be 7.23 nM, 21.909 nM, 20.14 μA nM⁻¹ cm⁻² and 0.0219–2.30 μM, respectively. The diffusion coefficient of APAP was determined by chronoamperometry, and it was found to be 2.24 × 10^–5 cm².s⁻¹. The synthetic and analytical steps were assessed as per the Green Chemistry’s 12 Principles giving a 66 score (acceptable) and 93 score (excellent) for the said steps, respectively.

Graphical abstract

Keywords: Electrochemical sensors; Electrochemically reduced graphene oxide; Attenuated transmission resonance characterization; Acetaminophen; Analytical eco-scale assessment

Full paper is available at www.springerlink.com.

DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02628-9

Chemical Papers 77 (4) 2275–2294 (2023)