ISSN print edition: 0366-6352 ISSN electronic edition: 1336-9075 Registr. No.: MK SR 9/7 Published monthly

Reactive yellow 145 removal by electro-Fenton with Fe–carbon fiber electrode pair: optimization of process variables based on response surface methodology

Belgin Karabacakoğlu and Serhat Karaduman

Chemical Engineering Department, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey

E-mail: bkara@ogu.edu.tr

Received: 15 August 2023  Accepted: 30 October 2023

Abstract:

Wastewater containing reactive textile dyes constitutes a crucial environmental problem as they are permanent and dangerous. The electro-Fenton (EF) method is promising as an effective technique for degrading organic materials such as dyestuffs. In this study, the optimization of influential variables in removing reactive yellow 145 azo textile dye by EF was investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). Central composite design was used to study the combined effects of critical parameters such as voltage (2.5–12.5 V), H₂O₂ addition (0.1–1.3 mL), pH (1.75–4.75), electrode spacing (0.25–3.25 cm), and treatment time (25–85 min). The optimum values of the variables to ensure the highest dye removal efficiency (approx. 93%) with the lowest energy consumption (approx. 3.4 Wh/L) were approximately 9.4 V voltage, pH 3.7, 2.5 cm electrode spacing, 1 mL H₂O₂ addition, and a 40-min treatment time. ANOVA analysis of the predicted quadratic polynomial model showed a regression coefficient value of approximately 0.97 for both objective functions; this highlights the model’s applicability for navigating the design space. Simultaneous optimization of process parameters using RSM was achieved with a few experiments.

Keywords: Electro-Fenton; Reactive dye; Advanced oxidation methods; Wastewater treatment; Response surface methodology

Full paper is available at www.springerlink.com.

DOI: 10.1007/s11696-023-03194-4

Chemical Papers 78 (3) 1671–1685 (2024)