ISSN print edition: 0366-6352 ISSN electronic edition: 1336-9075 Registr. No.: MK SR 9/7 Published monthly

MurD inhibitors as antibacterial agents: a review

Mohammed Afzal Azam and Srikanth Jupudi

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy (A Constituent College of JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research), Udhagamandalam, India

E-mail: afzal9azam@hotmail.com

Received: 22 September 2019  Accepted: 8 January 2020

Abstract:

Peptidoglycan is an essential component of the bacterial cell wall and is required for the survival of bacteria. ATP-dependent MurC–F ligases are responsible for the early stages of peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Second in the series, MurD catalyzes the addition of d-glutamic acid to UDP-MurNAc-l-Ala which involves acyl-phosphate and tetrahedral intermediates. Due to its high specificity for d-glutamic acid substrate and its absence in mammalian cells, MurD is considered as an attractive target for the design of novel antibacterial agents. Several MurD inhibitors have been designed and tested for their activity. These include phosphinates, N-acetylmuramic acids, pulvinones, phosphinodipeptide, cyclic nonapeptides, macrocyclic compounds, benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid, naphthalene sulphonamides, 2-thioxothiazolidin-4-ones, benzylidene-2,4-thiazolidindiones, etc. In the present review, an updated status of MurD enzyme inhibitors is presented which will serve as a useful source of structural information and may be utilized for the design of potent inhibitors against this enzyme.

Keywords: MurD enzyme; Naphthalene sulphonamides; Benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid; IC50; MIC

Full paper is available at www.springerlink.com.

DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01057-w

Chemical Papers 74 (6) 1697–1708 (2020)