Note: The use of this manuscript template is obligatory. Its main purpose is to set the manuscript format that will simplify the work of reviewers and editors as much as possible. The text of the template should also help our authors to avoid the most typical formal problems occurring in the manuscripts. Finally, a few journal-specific applications of the general instructions for authors are defined by this template.

A concise and accurate title

John F. Author1, Li-Qin Wang2,$, María García-Navas*1,2

(Note: The standard way of writing authors' names is one given name, one family name and all other names abbreviated. Exceptions include cases when two names are equivalent, which is typical, for example, for Chinese given names or Spanish family names.)

1Institution 1, Address

2Institution 2, Address,

$Present address: Include only if it is important to emphasize. Otherwise, it is specified only the name of the institution where the work was carried out.

*Corresponding author, e-mail: email@address.com

Received [Dates will be filled in by the Editorial office]

Abstract

The Abstract should be in the form of a single paragraph up to 200 words summarizing the principal results obtained. Its content and form must respect that it is used separately from the main text in the abstract databases. The hyphenation of words must not be used. Lines and pages must be numbered in the whole document. Do not remove them from this template! All acronyms used in the Abstract must be explained at their first occurrence in this part independently of their explanation in the main text. The authors can choose either the U.S. or U.K. English style but this style must be used consistently throughout the manuscript.

Keywords: 4–6 terms characterizing the topic of the manuscript most eloquently.

Main text sections:

Original Paper: This type of manuscript has standard sections: Introduction, Theoretical (optional), Experimental, Results and discussion (can be also two separate parts), Conclusions, Acknowledgements (optional), Symbols (optional), Supporting information (optional), References.

Review: Only Conclusions, Acknowledgements (optional), Symbols (optional), Supporting information (optional), and References are fixed section names.

Short Communication: The main text should not be divided into separate sections. It should be formed by a continuous text followed by the References.

Introduction

Note: We use an antiplagiarism tool that very efficiently detects matches of the text with the existing publications. Any use of whole statements copied verbatim breaks the copyright law and is considered a form of (self-)plagiarism. A citation of source is insufficient in such case. A manuscript with these defects will be either returned for immediate corrections or rejected without peer-review if the overlaps are excessive.

The Introduction must contain an accurate and concise analysis of the existing knowledge on the investigated scientific problem. A very broad overview of the scientific topic and related background as well as the compilation of a long list of cited references should be avoided. The most illustrative citations should be included using the Author-Year citation style. The final paragraph should indicate the motivation and objectives of the conducted work.

Theoretical

This optional section should be used only if more extensive theoretical derivations are needed. Simpler theories and methods should be a part of either Introduction or Experimental, respectively. All equations, including those describing chemical reactions, must be written in separate lines and numbered. Examples:

(1)

(2)

where P is the pressure, V volume, n amount of substance, R universal gas constant, and T temperature.

The symbols of quantities should be explained immediately below the equation where they were used for the first time even when they appear in the list of symbols.

Experimental

In order to have the uniform layout of all original articles, the Experimental section must precede the Results and discussion. Data on the providers (name, city, country of origin) of materials and equipment must be specified. A concise and accurate description of methods enabling their reproduction by others is necessary. The information on the reproducibility, accuracy, and uncertainty of the methods should be provided here if it applies to the whole Results and discussion section. Otherwise, it should be included in individual figures and tables. Illustrative figures, drawings or photographs of set-up and equipment should be avoided in the main text. They can be included as a part of Electronic Supplementary Material.

Sections can be divided into subsections in a sensible way so that the text would not be fragmented into many small paragraphs having a few lines. An example below illustrates two levels of subsections.

Materials

Chemicals

Compounds can be labeled with Arabic numerals. For example: Triphenylamine (1) (5.0 g, 20.4 mmol) and dry dimethylformamide (15.0 mL) were added into the mixture. (Note: This is a significant change because Roman numerals were used in the previous journal format.) Reaction mechanisms can be labelled as numbered Schemes or Figures. Schemes do not have captions (see Scheme 1 below). All drawings and plots should be pasted into the document using the option “Paste Special” that simplifies their editing.

Scheme 1

Results and discussion

Tables and figures must be embedded in a logical place of the manuscript text in order to make the work of reviewers comfortable. High-resolution figures should be uploaded also as separate files during submission of the final version. The submission of all figures and tables as separate files, which is specified in the general instructions for authors, is only optional. Fig. 1 and Table 1 show illustrative examples.

Figures should be inserted in a line not at a fixed page position to avoid problems in the outlook of the online-system generated PDF-files. If figures or tables contain symbols used for the first time within a manuscript, they must be specified in the legend or footnote.

Table 1. Change of reactant concentrations during esterification reaction

t/min	0	5	10	30	60	240
cAAa/(mol dm–3)	2.01	1.56	1.00	0.65	0.52	0.49
cP/(mol dm–3)	5.00	4.60	3.89	3.60	3.45	3.46

a Not measured but calculated from the material balance.

cAA – acetic acid concentration, cP – propanol concentration.

Fig. 1. Substrate consumption at 20 °C (line 1), 30 °C (line 2), and 35 °C (line 3).

Fig. 2. Variation of the dimensionless mixing time with the modified Reynolds number using pitched blade turbine.

Fig. 2 illustrates a preferred form of a semilogarithmic plot. Decimal form of numbers should be avoided if it would result in the axis values containing too many zeroes. Scientific notation must not be in the computer form, i.e. not 1E−5 but 10−5.

Conclusions

The Conclusions section contains a brief analysis of principal findings and significance of the work. It can also contain a synthetic part specifying future research directions. References to figures and tables presented in Results and discussion can be used. The Conclusions must not be a re-worded abstract. Unlike an abstract, the Conclusions are primarily determined to those who read the whole paper.

Acknowledgements. This is an optional section.

Symbols

Note: Symbols is an optional section that lists all symbols, names, and units of variables used in the manuscript in alphabetic order. Latin and Greek letter symbols as well as subscripts and superscripts must be sorted separately as shown in the examples below.

cp	specific heat capacity	J kg–1 K–1

Re	Reynolds number (= dwρ/μ)

T	temperature	K

t	time	h

Greek Letters

heat transfer coefficient	W m–2 K–1

p	particle porosity

Subscripts

D	distillate

Supplementary data

Note: This optional part emphasizes that the submission contains files that will not be included in the print version. The text can have a form as given below.

Electronic Supplementary Material associated with this article can be found in the online version of this paper (DOI: xxxxxxxxxx).

References

Note: Only the long format of references from the two specified in the general instructions for authors is acceptable. Article, book, thesis or patent titles must be given. Examples of book, journal article and book chapter are given below. DOI numbers are required when they are available. DOI numbers can be best found in the tables of contents on journal webpages. Although DOI numbers appeared in printed or electronic versions of articles only after the year 2000, most major publishers assigned DOI numbers backwards since the first journal volume. They can be retrieved also from many abstract databases.

Armarego WLF, Perrin DD (1996) Purification of laboratory chemicals, 4th edn. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford

Moretti E, Storaro L, Chessa G, Talon A, Callone E, Mueller KJ, Enrichi F, Lenarda M (2012) Stepwise dansyl grafting on the kaolinite interlayer surface. J Colloid Interface Sci 375:112–117. doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2012.02.033

Poulsen PB, Buchholz K (2003) History of enzymology with emphasis on food production. In: Whitacker JR, Voragen AG, Wong DWS (eds), Handbook of food enzymology. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 11–20